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The Smashing Pumpkins
The Smashing Pumpkins are an American alternative rock band from Chicago, Illinois, formed in 1988.〔Although frequently referred to as simply "Smashing Pumpkins", and credited as such on the covers of ''Gish'', ''Siamese Dream'', and ''Zeitgeist'' (and related singles), the band's name has more often been presented as "The Smashing Pumpkins", dating back to their first demo tape, and exclusively so between ''Mellon Collie'' (1995) and ''Earphoria'' (2002).〕 Formed by frontman Billy Corgan (lead vocals, guitar) and James Iha (guitar), the band included D'arcy Wretzky (bass guitar) and Jimmy Chamberlin (drums) in its original incarnation. It has undergone many line-up changes over the course of its existence, with the current lineup including Corgan, rhythm guitarist Jeff Schroeder and Chamberlin.
Disavowing the punk rock roots of many of their alt-rock contemporaries, the Pumpkins have a diverse, densely layered, and guitar-heavy sound, containing elements of gothic rock, heavy metal,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Irish Americans: The History and Culture of a People )〕 dream pop, psychedelic rock,〔 progressive rock, shoegazing, and electronica in later recordings. Corgan is the group's primary songwriter—his grand musical ambitions and cathartic lyrics have shaped the band's albums and songs, which have been described as "anguished, bruised reports from Billy Corgan's nightmare-land".
The Smashing Pumpkins broke into the musical mainstream with their second album, 1993's ''Siamese Dream''. The group built its audience with extensive touring and their 1995 follow-up, the double album ''Mellon Collie and the Infinite Sadness'', which debuted at number one on the ''Billboard'' 200 album chart. With 20 million albums sold in the United States alone,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Searchable Database )〕〔There are differing reports on the Pumpkins's worldwide sales at the time of their breakup: Jim DeRogatis, in December 2000, reported a total of "twenty-two million copies sold". David Fricke, that same month, wrote of the band's "more than twenty-five million records sold worldwide". See ; 〕 the Smashing Pumpkins was one of the most commercially successful and critically acclaimed bands of the 1990s. However, internal fighting, drug use, and diminishing record sales led to a 2000 break-up.
In 2006, Billy Corgan and Jimmy Chamberlin reconvened to record a new Smashing Pumpkins album, ''Zeitgeist''. After touring throughout 2007 and 2008 with a lineup including new guitarist Jeff Schroeder, Chamberlin left the band in early 2009. Later that year, Corgan began a new recording series entitled ''Teargarden by Kaleidyscope'' featuring a rotating lineup of musicians, that has resulted in the albums ''Oceania'' (2012), ''Monuments to an Elegy'' (2014), and a forthcoming album. As of 2015, Corgan and Schroeder are the sole permanent band members.
==History==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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